Question: When we calculate xor ( S , K ) , it equals xor ( S , K ) , so the input to the S
When we calculate xorSK it equals xorSK so the input to the Sboxes and the rearrangement remains the same. After the modified output is xored with the other half of S we get C for that round of DES, and this process repeats for all rounds. We can observe that the input to the Sboxes is determined by the XOR operation between the key and the plaintext. Since XOR operation is commutative and associative, changing all the s to s and all the s to s in both the key and the plaintext will result in the same input to the Sboxes. Therefore, if the original key encrypts the original plaintext to the original ciphertext, then the complementary key will encrypt the complementary plaintext to the complementary ciphertext in DES encryption.
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