whether the current management style is appropriate. Considering the factory carries on large scale operations, which of the following in

a$.$ Theory $Y$

b$.$ Theory $x$

c$.$ A coment

d$.$ Total Quality

$8.$ One of the most crucial differences between Leadership and Management is the distinction between their desired outcomes. Which of the following is the outcome of Management?

a$.$ Establishing direction and vision for the organization

b$.$ Planning, budgeting, allocating resources

c$.$ Producing predictability and order and attaining results

d$.$ Motivating and inspiring by satisfying needs.

$9.$ All of the following statements about leadership are false except:

a$.$ Leadership is the process of developing ideas and a vision, living by values that support those ideas and that vision, influencing others to embrace them in their own behaviors, and making hard decisions about human and other resources

b$.$ Leadership means demonstrating at least three of the seven foundation competencies.

c$.$ Leadership means creating an effective command and control structure.

d$.$ Effective leadership is becoming easier to provide through advances in education and training.

$10.$ Organizational stress management practices targeted at employee perceptions and experiences of stress may result in:

a$.$ influencing only employee perceptions and experiences of stress

b$.$ influencing employee perceptions and experiences of stress, ability to cope with the consequences of stress, and identifying, eliminating, or modifying work stressors

c$.$ influencing employee perceptions and experiences of stress as well as identifying, eliminating, or modifying work stressors

d$.$ influencing employee perceptions and experiences of stress as well as ability to cope with the consequences of stress

$11.$ is the adverse effects of working conditions where stressors seem unavoidable and sources of job satisfaction and relief from stress seem unavailable.

a$.$ Apathy

b$.$ Work exhaustion

c$.$ Job burnout

d$.$ Depersonalization

$12.$ All of the following are typical components of job burnout except:

a$.$ moderate levels of stress

b$.$ feelings of low personal accomplishment

c$.$ depersonalization of individuals

d$.$ emotional exhaustion

$3$