Which one of the following correctly explains the difference between a trend model and a causal model?

Multiple Choice

A trend model uses a form of smoothing analysis to project the past time trend forward while the causal model looks at a change in an independent variable that causes a change in a dependent variable.

A trend model looks at the past time trend to apply regression analysis while the causal model looks at a change in a dependent variable that causes a change in an independent variable.

A trend model identifies the factors causing change and places them into a bivariate regression model while the causal model matches the slope of the trend through an independent variable tied to a dependent variable$$s change.

A trend model tracks the past time trend and projects it forward while the causal model looks at a change in an independent variable that causes a change in a dependent variable.