Which scenario is most likely to result in algorithm bias as a model is being found?

A model that predicts the species of a penguin based features like flipper length. One particular species tends to have large flippers.

A model uses credit score, income, and purchase history to determine the interest rate offered on a loan. People with higher incomes are more likely to have good

credit scores.

A model that accepts or rejects applications to a science program. Males are more likely to apply than females.

A model predicts the best heart medication for patients based on other health factors like potassium level. People with more severe heart disease are more likely to

have higher potassium levels.