Which statement is NOT true about self$-$insurance?

$($a$)$ it is a risk management method in which a calculated amount of money is set aside for a potential fulture loss.

$($b$)$ The association may assess members to obtain the necessary funds.

$($c$)$ It may be funded through a line of credit with a financial institution.

$($d$)$ it is a rek management method that requires the purchase of insurance from an insurance company