While multiple models and methods are used for forecasting capital market expectations, I want to discuss the Global Tactical Asset Allocation (GTAA) model. The GTAA model uses macroeconomic indicators, quantitative analysis, and financial market data to dynamically adjust allocations within a portfolio across different asset classes. To estimate expected returns and risk premia, this model leverages short-term economic forecasts, technical indicators, and valuation measures. This method is highly effective in capturing short-term market inefficiencies and capitalizing on market cycles by rotating assets between bonds, equities, commodities, and currencies. Outlined in the J.P. Morgan 2024 LTCMA report, GTAA dynamically adjusts allocations to fixed income and equities, which are projected to perform better, allowing them to capitalize on rising interest rates and higher nominal growth. However, this model can result in higher transaction costs and requires more portfolio rebalancing, which can be tricky for long-term investors. More traditional methods, such as the historical mean return assumptions, rely on static historical data, while the GTAA offers a more flexible, forward-looking framework that quickly responds to changes in the market. Some traditional models overlook short-term volatility or new macroeconomic trends, but the GTAA method incorporates these factors, making it an effective tool for active management in periods of economic uncertainty and market volat