Why do civil engineers often encounter challenges in managing large$-$scale infrastructure projects within urban environments? Explore the various factors that contribute to the complexity of such projects, including but not limited to environmental considerations, limited space availability, the need for extensive coordination with various stakeholders, and the integration of existing infrastructure systems. Discuss how these challenges impact project planning, design, and execution, requiring engineers to devise innovative solutions to ensure the efficiency, safety, and sustainability of urban infrastructure. Additionally, analyze the role of advanced technologies and methodologies in mitigating these challenges and optimizing project outcomes, highlighting the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration and adaptive project management strategies in addressing the unique demands of civil engineering projects in urban settings.