Why is the initial value of a futures contract zero?

a$.$ the expected profit is zero

b$.$ you do not pay anything for it$$

c$.$ none of the above

d$.$ the futures is immediately marked$-$to$-$market

e$.$ the basis will converge to zero

In which one of the following types of contract between a seller and a buyer does the seller agree to sell a specified asset to the buyer today and then buy it back at a specified time in the future at an agreed future price?

a$.$ repurchase agreement$$

b$.$ none of the above

c$.$ swap

d$.$ call

e$.$ short selling

Which of the following trade on organized exchanges?

a$.$ caps

b$.$ forwards

c$.$ swaps

d$.$ options$$

e$.$ none of the above