Why is the understanding and application of advanced structural analysis techniques crucial for civil engineers in designing resilient infrastructure capable of withstanding extreme environmental conditions and natural disasters? Elaborate on the theoretical foundations of these advanced techniques, such as finite element analysis, and their importance in predicting the behavior of complex structures under various loads and stresses. Discuss the implications of structural resilience on public safety, economic stability, and the long$-$term durability of infrastructure, and explore the potential limitations and areas for future research in the field of structural engineering.