why might one choose the single-stage submaximal model over the multistage submaximal model to estimate aerobic fitness?

Chapter 7: Aerobic Fitness 207 ma valid for identifying nonfatal cardiovascular dis- laboratory and field tests of aerobic capacity are ease and disease-specific mortality. available. Laboratory-based maximal exercise The participants used for the health-risk, val- tests include estimation of vo from maximal idation study were 43,356 adults (21% women) treadmill time on specified exercise protocols, from the famous Aerobics Center Longitudinal such as the Bruce and Balke protocols. Labora- Study who were followed for over 14 years. The tory-based submaximal exercise tests include results of the study showed that aerobic fitness was single- and multistage models in which the heart inversely associated with risk of all-cause mortal- rate response to a specific submaximal exercise ity and nonfatal cardiovascular disease. The risk intensity is used to estimate vo, Several reduction per 1-MET increase in estimated aero choices of laboratory-based submaximal tests are bic fitness ranged from about 10% to 20%. These available, with single-stage treadmill tests pro- findings indicated that aerobic fitness is one of viding perhaps the most accurate alternative for the most important indicators of an adult's cur tests of this type. ACSM metabolic equations are rent and future health status and that non-exercise important for estimation of submaximal power estimates of aerobic fitness provide a valid indica- output for many of the laboratory-based predic- tion of one's health risk. tion models. Field tests of aerobic fitness provide an alterna- tive to laboratory-based tests that are more feasi- ble for mass testing. Maximal running tests (e.g.. SUMMARY 12-minute run/walk, 1.5-mile run, 1-mile run, and 20-meter shuttle run tests) generally provide Aerobic fitness is a major component of adult accurate estimates of acrobic fitness; however, fitness tests and is important for health promo they are maximal tests, and care must be taken to tion. Many universities, YMCAs, private corpo minimize risk of an untoward event during these rations, and commercial organizations provide tests. For this reason, maximal running tests are adult health-related fitness programs. Potential generally administered only to young, healthy estimates of aerobic hiti provide tion of one's health risk. tion models. Field tests of aerobic fitness provide an alterna- tiye to laboratory-based tests that are more feasi- ble for mass testing. Maximal running tests (e.g., SUMMARY 12-minute run/walk, 1.5-mile run, l-mile run, and 20-meter shuttle run tests) generally provide Aerobic fitness is a major component of adult accurate estimates of aerobic fitness; however, fitness tests and is important for health promo- they are maximal tests, and care must be taken to tion. Many universities, YMCAs, private corpo- minimize risk of an untoward event during these rations, and commercial organizations provide tests. For this reason, maximal running tests are adult health-related fitness programs. Potential generally administered only to young, healthy participants should be screened for cardiovas- people. cular disease risk factors and symptoms of heart Another category of tests includes the walking disease. American College of Sports Medicine and jogging field tests. The Rockport 1-mile walk recommendations should be followed regard test and the BYU jogging test allow participants ing a medical examination prior to participa to move at self-selected speeds and use the heart tion and physician supervision during exercise rate response to exercise to estimate VoAn testing, attractive alternative for epidemiological studies, Many different methods are available to eval. or other situations in which exercise testing is uate aerobic fitness. In research settings. Vo difficult, is the University of Houston non-exer may be measured using open-circuit spirom cise model, in which vo can be estimated by can be estimated from maximal parameters collected without exercise testing. The tests, submaximal tests, and non exercise mod various methods to estimate aerobic fitness are els. In addition, both maximal and submaximal presented in Table 7.12. etry. Vo