Why should programmers use comments and whitespace in Java?

How do the rules set by Java decrease the likelihood of programming errors?

Using only concepts from this week$$s materials, describe the Java statements and logic needed to create a Java program with the following requirements.

Prompts users to enter a username and password, where the username is not case$-$sensitive but the password is case sensitive

The user must correctly type the username and password for the program to allow access

If the user provides correct login information, the program must print out $$Welcome$$ and the provided username; otherwise the code should output $$Login failed.$.$

You do not need to code the solution but you must describe at least one Java class, method, or function needed to accomplish each requirement and demonstrate how you would achieve the requirement.$$

If you provide a code solution, clearly explain the rationale behind the logic you used in comments within the code or narrative.

Include at least two supporting sources, including at least one from the course materials and at least one from sources external to the course materials, with appropriate inline citations and a reference list formatted following APA requirements.