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HIS 227, Islamic Civilization & Muslim Societies, Take-home Midterm Exam, Fall 2024 Below are two groups of essay questions. Please read the directions closely, as answering too many questions will not help your grade. The assignment should be two to three pages (double-spaced, standard 12-point font, 0.5 to I inch margins). Submit the complete and final version of your exam as a single file on Brightspace (click on 'Assignments,' go to 'Midterm Essays' and follow the instructions). Essays are due on Friday 10/11 by SPM. Email Instructor and TA at least a week before the deadline with questions or extension requests. Use course texts and your own lecture notes to come up with answers, Avoid extensive quotations from assigned readings (you may use very brief quotations from primary sources up to a line or so and short paraphrases of scholarly sources). Full citations are not necessary, but make clear which course reading you have drawn from. Be sure to indicate which question you are answering, and state your positions clearly. Part A: Answer two of the following three essay questions (I page each; 30 points each) Al. Outline briefly the social, economic, religious, and political scenario in the Arabian Peninsula and surrounding areas in the time of Muhammad. Discuss to what extent these conditions were crucial to the rise of Islam. Is the rise of Islam best described as continuity OR change in relation to this context? A2, After the death of the Prophet Muhammad in 632 CE, who had been the unquestioned religious and political leader, the ummah entered into an acute crisis of leadership. Identify the two major communities of interpretation that emerged and describe their models for the transmission of authority. Be sure to highlight the key elements of the two communities' institutions. A3. The life of Muhammad, the text of the Quran, and the role of prophecy play crucial roles in the political and social development of early Muslim state and society. How have these factors been central to the development of Muslim legal and ethical orders? Part B: Answer one of the following two essay questions (1.5-2 pages; 40 points) BIl. Many theories have been devised to explain the spread of Islam and conversion. Discuss some of the different ways of describing this process and their drawbacks with reference to specific regions and contexts. Is it possible to have a single theory that effectively describes the spread of Islam, or is it necessary to have multiple theories? B2. Expanding early Muslim empires went from ruling over primarily Arab Muslim subjects to having diverse populations with large numbers of non-Arab Muslims and non-Muslims. How did early Muslim states (Umayyads, Abbasids) adjust to increasing diversity among their populations? Make sure to discuss key institutions and legal arrangements, and make reference to primary source texts. ACADEMIC HONESTY: Essay content must come from assigned sources (cited when drawn from) and your own ideas and argumentztion. The public internet and generative Al are not acceptable or effective resources for preparing answers. You are not permitted to use generative Al in any way for this class. Pasting web content or evidence of generative LLM Al (including GPT, Bard, Grammarly, and anything else the produces, writes, or re-writes content) use in any capacity is a violation of academic honesty policies, as is obtaining help from others on your assignmenits, including collaboration with classmates on content. Violation of academic integrity or honesty policies may result in failure of the course. For this assignment, and all other written work in this class, you are required to save multiple stages of your work (outline. first draft, and an earlier revision at minimum; with time-stamps if possible). To do this, you can either save intermediate versions manually with new file names, or automate by turning on version history or the equivalent in your word processing program. You only need to submit the final draft - keep the other versions on file in case needed