Within a research hypothesis, the dependent variable is the and the independent variable is the O a effect; cause O b. cause, effect O c. prediction; conclusion d. question; answer QUESTION 8 Which of the following reasons is an advantage of a nondirectional alternative hypothesis? O a. It is more sensitive to small but real differences between means. Ob. It is less sensitive to real differences in the data. c. It is less sensitive to chance differences in the data. d. A type II error is less likely to be committed. QUESTION 9 Which of the following hypotheses would be the Null Hypothesis? O a. Men's fear of crime levels will be higher than women's levels. Ob. There is no difference between men's and women's levels of fear of crime. c. There will be a difference among men's and women's levels of fear of crime. d. Women's fear of crime levels of crime will be higher than men's levels. QUESTION 10 Which type of distribution has only two possible outcomes? O a. binomial Ob. factorial O c. probability d. permutation