Woojin believes his union will protect him from getting fired, and he believes that the only way to get a promotion is if the person above him retires or dies. Woojin has

a$.$ low effort$-$to$-$performance expectancy, and low performance$-$to$-$outcome expectancy

b$.$ low effort$-$to$-$performance expectancy, and high performance$-$to$-$outcome expectancy

c$.$ zero valence

d$.$ high effort$-$to$-$performance expectancy, and high performance$-$to$-$outcome expectancy

e$.$ high effort$-$to$-$performance expectancy, and low performance$-$to$-$outcome expectancy