Write more expressions which use the built-in functions given.

TASK 1 Riders complete one stage of a cycle race and their finishing position and time is recorded. The time is entered by the user as two integers: o number of minutes o followed by the number of seconds The rider's stage race position is entered. The time is converted to seconds. If they finish in first, second or third position they get a time bonus, see table below. The time bonus is deducted from their race time. Position Time bonus (seconds) 1 20 2 10 3 5 01 INPUT rider name 02 INPUT rider's race time in minutes 03 INPUT rider's race time in seconds 04 INPUT rider's position 05 06 CALCULATE race time in seconds 07 STORE race time in seconds 08 CALCULATE time bonus 09 STORE time bonus 10 SUBTRACT time bonus from race time in seconds 11 STORE adjusted race time 12 13 OUTPUT rider's name, position, adjusted race time Key focus: Structured English Line numbers may be shown for structured English (and pseudocode) to allow reference to particular line(s) TASK 1.1 A program is to be written to process the data for one rider. Study the structured English and complete the identifier table below. Identifier Data type Description RiderName STRING Name of the rider TASK 1.2 Line 08 in the structured English does not give sufficient detail to write program code from this statement. Use stepwise refinement to give the detail for Line 08. Suggested extension tasks How could arrays be used to store data from several riders which were input in sequence? Draw up test data for eight riders (which include the riders finishing first, second and third). Carry out a bubble sort to produce a list of the rider names in finishing order. Save the data for the eight riders to a text file RACE-DATA. Key focus: Stepwise refinement Operators Arithmetic operators In addition to the normal +, -, * and /, candidates should be familiar with the DIV and MOD operators. For example: 17 DIV 7 evaluates to 2 17 MOD 7 evaluates to 3 & Operator The & operator will be used to concatenate two strings. For example: "Birthday " & "Cake" Evaluates to: "Birthday Cake" Built-in Functions Any high-level programming language will have many built-in functions for the programmer to use. It is appreciated that the three programming languages often implement these functions with very different syntax. Candidates should be familiar with the syntax used in their chosen programming language. If a built-in function is to be used in pseudocode on the examination paper, the function will be shown and explained. Examples of this follow. String handling functions (Pseudocode) ONECHAR(ThisString : STRING, Position: INTEGER) RETURNS CHAR returns the single character at index position Position (counting from the start of the string with value 1) from the string ThisString. For example: ONECHAR("Hockey", 4) returns 'k' CHARACTERCOUNT(ThisString : STRING) RETURNS INTEGER returns the number of characters in string ThisString. For example: CHARACTERCOUNT("Real Madrid") returns 11 SUBSTR(ThisString : STRING, Value1 : INTEGER, Value2 : INTEGER) RETURNS STRING returns a sub-string from within ThisString. Value1 is the start index position (counting from the left, starting with 1). Value2 is the final index position. For example: SUBSTR("art nouveau", 5, 11) returns "nouveau" Key focus: Built-in function definitions CONCAT(String1 : STRING, String2 : STRING [, String3 : STRING]) RETURNS STRING For example: CONCAT("Los", "Angeles") returns "LosAngeles" CONCAT("Los", " ", "Angeles") returns "Los Angeles" Conversion between data types (Pseudocode) TONUM(ThisDigit : CHAR) RETURNS INTEGER For example: TONUM('8') returns integer 8 TOSTRING(ThisNumber : INTEGER or REAL) RETURNS STRING For example: TOSTRING(83) returns "83" TOSTRING(704.25) returns "704.25" Using ASCII character codes (Pseudocode) CHR(ThisInteger : INTEGER) RETURNS CHAR For example: CHR(65) returns character 'A' ASC(ThisCharacter : CHAR) RETURNS INTEGER For example: ASC('A') returns integer 65 Use of square brackets in a function definition denotes the parameter is optional TASK 2 Use the functions given to evaluate the following expressions: 1 CONCAT("Big", " ", "Ben") ................................................. 2 CONCAT(CONCAT("Tower", "of"), "London") ................................................. 3 ONECHAR("Camel", 1) & ONECHAR("aardvark", 2) & ONECHAR("goat", 4) ................................................. 4 CHARACTERCOUNT("Taj Mahal") + 3 ................................................. 5 TONUM('8') + TONUM('9') ................................................. 6 x "BAMBI" y CHARACTERCOUNT( SUBSTR(x, 3, 5) ) State the value assigned to variable y. ................................................. 7 MyString "The quick brown fox" Using the SUBSTR function, write expressions to return: (a) "brown" ................................................. (b) "fox" ................................................. (c) "The fox" ................................................. State the value produced by: (d) SUBSTR(MyString, 5, 9) & SUBSTR(MyString, 1, 3) ................................................. 9 Use an ASCII code table to find the value for: (a) ASC('B') + ASC('8') ................................................. (b) ASC('Z') - ASC('H') ................................................. 10 Give the string produced by the following expressions. (a) CHR(81) & CHR(85) & CHR(69) & CHR(69) & CHR(78) ................................................. (b) SUBSTR(CHR(66) & CHR(69) & CHR(65) & CHR(84), 2, 4) ...............................................

11 CONCAT("Big", " ", "Ben") ................................................. 12 CONCAT(CONCAT("Tower", "of"), "London") ................................................. 13 ONECHAR("Camel", 1) & ONECHAR("aardvark", 2) & ONECHAR("goat", 4) ................................................. 14 CHARACTERCOUNT("Taj Mahal") + 3 ................................................. 15 TONUM('8') + TONUM('9') ................................................. 16 x "BAMBI" y CHARACTERCOUNT( SUBSTR(x, 3, 5) ) State the value assigned to variable y. ................................................. 17 MyString "The quick brown fox" Using the SUBSTR function, write expressions to return: (a) "brown" ................................................. (b) "fox" ................................................. (c) "The fox" ................................................. State the value produced by: (d) SUBSTR(MyString, 5, 9) & SUBSTR(MyString, 1, 3) ................................................. 19 Use an ASCII code table to find the value for: (a) ASC('B') + ASC('8') ................................................. (b) ASC('Z') - ASC('H') ................................................. 20 Give the string produced by the following expressions. (a) CHR(81) & CHR(85) & CHR(69) & CHR(69) & CHR(78) ................................................. (b) SUBSTR(CHR(66) & CHR(69) & CHR(65) & CHR(84), 2, 4)