You are working as an associate for an earthquake simulation program with the help of a giant machine. This machine has a high maintenance cost, so the executives plan to establish a fund for a machine with a lifetime of 20 years. The maintenance cost is estimated at $5000 in the first year, which will increase by $1,000 each year. How much money do you need to invest at the beginning of the first year to pay maintenance costs if the annual interest rate is 5% per year?

Include the cash flow diagram.

Denote a downward arrow to indicate a negative cash flow.

Denote an upward arrow to indicate a positive cash flow.