You may use your textbook and notes to complete this quiz; however, the quiz is to be completed individually (this is not a group assignment). Please answer each question fully and completely. Identify the type of data (level of measurement) for each of the following variables (4 points each). 4. _____________________ Restraint type (physical, chemical, environmental) 5. ____________________ Level of discipline (verbal warning, suspension, termination) 6. _____________________ Type of crash (property damage, personnel injury, fatality) 7. _____________________ Temperature (Fahrenheit or Celsius) 8. _____________________ Race of victim 9. _____________________ IQ 10. _____________________ Clearance rate of crime in a community (as a percentage) 11. Data that is categorical and cannot be meaningfully ranked is known as ___________________ data (7 points). 12. The _______________________ group are the people or things that receive the treatment being researched in an experiment (7 points). 13. What are the two main characteristics of an experimental design? In other words, what two components must an experiment have to be considered a true experiment (7 Points)? 14. What two components are necessary to achieve quality in research? List them and define what them mean? (7 points) 15. Define a spurious relationship. Provide a short example of a spurious relationship and explain why you believe it to be spurious (7 poi