Your company is in the process of commissioning a new reactor. One of the first tests...

 

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Your company is in the process of commissioning a new reactor. One of the first tests to be done on the reactor is an RTD analysis. The initial results of this are: t [min] 0 5 10 15 20 30 40 50 10 70 100 150 200 C(t) [mg/L] 112 95.8 82.2 70.6 60.9 45.6 26.3 34.5 15.7 7.67 2.55 0.9 It is known that CAO = CBO = 0.06 mol/L. The gas-phase reactions may be represented as follows: KIA=4,4 K2A=1,79 K3B=1013 Kuc=518 Reaction 1: 4A + 5B 4C + 6D - = kACC Reaction 2: 2A +1.5B- E+3D Reaction 3: 2C + B2F Reaction 4: -12A = K2A CACB -13B = K3BCCB = 4A + 6C 5E+ 6D -rackacCcC The various constants for each individual student working on the project are in Appendix 1. 1. Mathematical and Scientific Terms Theory in Engineering Problems Mathematical Methods Calculations Use the segregation model to determine the exit selectivities (D is the desired product), the maximum selectivities and concentrations of each chemical species leaving the reactor (a) Give the precise definitions of the following and discuss and describe their usefulness in the field of Reactor Technology: (i) E(t) curve (ii) F(t) curve (b) Discuss how you would go about maximising the selectivity D/F by varying: Concentration of A in the feed (i) (ii) Reactor types (iii) Arrangement of reactors if more than one are necessary. (c) Evaluate the area under the C(t) curve using numerical integration. Use two different methods to do this. Use approximately 10 intervals for the integration. (d) Generate an E(t) curve and fit a 5th order polynomial to it. (NB When using the required polynomial in your calculations, use at least 5 significant figures.) (e) Use the given data and software of your choice to solve the set of ODE's generated. (f) Estimate the volume of an ideal CSTR that would maximise the exit selectivity D/F Find the corresponding conversion of A. Calculations: Mathematical software Interpretation of Data (g) Use a mathematical program or software of your choice to develop a mathematical model for the process with an ideal CSTR, and use it explore the effects of the following: (i) Variation of concentration of A in the feed on the selectivity D/F. (ii) Variation of with feed flowrate on the conversion of A. (h) Use the model developed above to formulate a strategy for the maximum conversion of A. What would be the short-comings of your strategy if the identity of the various chemical species are as follows? A B C D E F NH3 02 NO H2O N NO2 Your company is in the process of commissioning a new reactor. One of the first tests to be done on the reactor is an RTD analysis. The initial results of this are: t [min] 0 5 10 15 20 30 40 50 10 70 100 150 200 C(t) [mg/L] 112 95.8 82.2 70.6 60.9 45.6 26.3 34.5 15.7 7.67 2.55 0.9 It is known that CAO = CBO = 0.06 mol/L. The gas-phase reactions may be represented as follows: KIA=4,4 K2A=1,79 K3B=1013 Kuc=518 Reaction 1: 4A + 5B 4C + 6D - = kACC Reaction 2: 2A +1.5B- E+3D Reaction 3: 2C + B2F Reaction 4: -12A = K2A CACB -13B = K3BCCB = 4A + 6C 5E+ 6D -rackacCcC The various constants for each individual student working on the project are in Appendix 1. 1. Mathematical and Scientific Terms Theory in Engineering Problems Mathematical Methods Calculations Use the segregation model to determine the exit selectivities (D is the desired product), the maximum selectivities and concentrations of each chemical species leaving the reactor (a) Give the precise definitions of the following and discuss and describe their usefulness in the field of Reactor Technology: (i) E(t) curve (ii) F(t) curve (b) Discuss how you would go about maximising the selectivity D/F by varying: Concentration of A in the feed (i) (ii) Reactor types (iii) Arrangement of reactors if more than one are necessary. (c) Evaluate the area under the C(t) curve using numerical integration. Use two different methods to do this. Use approximately 10 intervals for the integration. (d) Generate an E(t) curve and fit a 5th order polynomial to it. (NB When using the required polynomial in your calculations, use at least 5 significant figures.) (e) Use the given data and software of your choice to solve the set of ODE's generated. (f) Estimate the volume of an ideal CSTR that would maximise the exit selectivity D/F Find the corresponding conversion of A. Calculations: Mathematical software Interpretation of Data (g) Use a mathematical program or software of your choice to develop a mathematical model for the process with an ideal CSTR, and use it explore the effects of the following: (i) Variation of concentration of A in the feed on the selectivity D/F. (ii) Variation of with feed flowrate on the conversion of A. (h) Use the model developed above to formulate a strategy for the maximum conversion of A. What would be the short-comings of your strategy if the identity of the various chemical species are as follows? A B C D E F NH3 02 NO H2O N NO2