6. Simulating Hybridization When Mendel conducted his famous hybridization experiments, he used peas with green pods and yellow pods. One experiment involved crossing peas in such a way that 25% of the offspring peas were expected to have yellow pods, and 75% of the offspring peas were expected to have green pods. Describe a procedure for using software or a TI-83 84 Plus calculator to simulate 12 peas in such a hybridization experiment.

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4-6 Probabilities Through Simulations 177 The wrong way: Randomly generate a number between 2 and 12. This procedure is similar to rolling dice in the sense that the results are always between 2 and 12, but these outcomes between 2 and 12 are equally likely. With real dice, the values between 2 and 12 are not equally likely. This simulation would produce very misleading results.

Monkey Typists Aclassical claim is that a monkey randomly hitting a keyboard would eventually produce the complete works of Shakespeare, assuming that it continues to type century after century. The multiplication rule for probability has been used to find such estimates.

One result of 1,000,000, 000,000,000,000,000,000,000, 000,000,000 years is considered by some to be too short. In the same spirit, Sir Arthur Eddington wrote this poem: “There once was a brainy baboon, who always breathed down a bassoon.

For he said, ‘It appears that in billions of years, I shall certainly hit on a tune.’”