Statistical Literacy When are two random samples dependent?

For each hypothesis test in Problems 3–10, please provide the following information:

(i) What is the level of signifi cance? State the null and alternate hypotheses.

(ii) Check Requirements What sampling distribution will you use? What asumptions are you making? What is the value of the sample test statistic?

(iii) Find (or estimate) the P-value. Sketch the sampling distribution and show the area corresponding to the P-value.
(iv) Based on your answers in parts (i) – (iii), will you reject or fail to reject the null hypothesis? Are the data statistically signifi cant at level a?
(v) Interpret your conclusion in the context of the application.
Note: For degrees of freedom d.f. not in the Student’s t table, use the closest d.f. that is smaller. In some cases, this choice will increase the P-value by a small amount or increase the length of a confi dence interval, thereby making the answer slightly more “conservative.” Answers may vary due to rounding.