Answer the following questions about a scenario where the p-value is small (e.g., < .05 or < .01).

a. Why would it be incorrect to say that these results are important?

b. Why would it also be incorrect to say that these results prove that the null hypothesis is false?

c. Explain why it is impossible to know the replicability of the results based solely on the p-value.

d. Why is it also inaccurate to say that the p-value is the probability that the alternative hypothesis is wrong?

e. A small p-value means that, if the null hypothesis were perfectly true, the results would be unlikely to occur with a random sample of data from the population. Explain why “unlikeliness” is not a very good way to decide whether a hypothesis is true or not.