(a) How can a PID controller be designed to achieve maximum power point tracking \((M P P T)\) in a solar photovoltaic (PV) system?

(b) What are the key steps involved in selecting the controller gains and tuning the PID controller for optimal performance?

(c) Design a simple multi-loop PID controller for a water temperature control system in the thermal water mixing process using a PID controller. Consider diagram in Figure 10.30.

PID 1 Flow-in of Cold Water Flow Sensor Flow-in of Water Temperature in Main Tank Global Set point Global error Master Control PID 1 Hot Water Flow Sensor PID 1 Flow-out of water from tank Flow Sensor Figure 10.30 Control system for a driverless car. Thermocouple