Table 41.3 shows that for the ground state of the potassium atom, the outermost electron is in a 4s state. What does this tell you about the relative energies of the 3d and 4s levels for this atom? Explain.

Table 41.3

Transcribed Image Text:

Ground-State Electron Configurations Electron Configuration Atomic Element Symbol Number (Z) Hydmgen Helium н Is 1s2 Не Lithium Reryllum Boron Re 4 Is°25°2p 1s°252p 1s 25 2p 125 2p Carbon 6. Nitrogen Охудen Fluorine 9. 1s'23'2, 1s 2. 2,f3s 1522p3,? 12,2323p Neun Ne 10 Sudium Na 11 Magnesium Mg 12 Aluminum 13 Silicon Si 14 152,2p323p 1s*22p*3s*3p* 1s22p*3s*3p 1s22p®3s²3p® Phosphorus Sulfur 15 16 Chlorine CI 17 Argon Ar 18 Potassium K 19 1s252p®3s²3p®1s° 1s252p®3s²3p®1s°3d 122p°3,²3p°4s°3d 122p°3s°3p®4s°3d Calcium Ca 20 Scandium Sc 21 Titanium Ti 22 Vanadium 23 Chromium 24 1s25 ip 3s sp°4s 3d Manganese Iron Mn 25 Fe 26 Cobalt Is°2s°2p*3s3p*4s°3d Is252p35 3p*4s3d10 1s252p*3s 3p 45 3d10 Nickel Ni 28 Copper Zinc Cu 29 Zn 30