Suppose we want to know the effect on driving of a drug for cold and allergy, in a study in which the same people were tested twice, once after 1 h of taking the drug and once when no drug is taken. Suppose we obtain the following data, which represent the number of cones (placed in a certain pattern) knocked down by each of the nine individuals before taking the drug and after an hour of taking the drug.

Assuming that the difference of each pair is coming from an approximately normal distribution, test if there is any difference in the individuals€™ driving ability under the two conditions. Use α = 0.05. What is the p-value?

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No drug After drug 9 2 9 6 3