The National Cancer Institute conducted a 2-year study to determine whether cancer death rates for areas near
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a. Suppose p denotes the true proportion of the population in areas near nuclear power plants who die of cancer during a given year. The researchers at the Cancer Institute might have considered two rival hypotheses of the form
H0: p is equal to the corresponding value for areas without nuclear facilities
Ha: p is greater than the corresponding value for areas without nuclear facilities
Did the researchers reject H0 or fail to reject H0?
b. If the Cancer Institute researchers are incorrect in their conclusion that there is no evidence of increased risk of death from cancer associated with living near a nuclear power plant, are they making a Type I or a Type II error? Explain.
c. Comment on the spokesperson’s last statement that no study can prove the absence of an effect. Do you agree with this statement?
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