The O-H bond lengths in the water molecule (H2O) are 0.96 Ã…, and the H-O-H angle is 104.5º. The dipole moment of the water molecule is 1.85 D.
(a) In what directions do the bond dipoles of the O-H bonds point? In what direction does the dipole moment vector of the water molecule point?
(b) Calculate the magnitude of the bond dipole of the O-H bonds.
(c) Compare your answer from part (b) to the dipole moments of the hydrogen halides (Table 8.3). Is your answer in accord with the relative electro-negativity of oxygen?

Transcribed Image Text:

TABLE 8.3 Bond Lengths, Electronegativity Differences, and Dipole Moments of the Hydrogen Halides Electronegativity Difference Compound HF HCI HBr HI Bond Length (Å) 0.92 1.27 1.41 1.61 1.9 0.9 0.7 0.4 Dipole Moment (D) 1.82 1.08 0.82 0.44