To further simplify, try the following steps. a. Factor constants out of the sums. b. Remember that

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To further simplify, try the following steps.
a. Factor constants out of the sums.
b. Remember that  is a constant.
c. Recognize certain sums to be equal to the mean.
d. Write in terms of the mean and group together like terms.
The above steps outline the proof of the computational formula for the variance.
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