To improve quality, productivity, and timeliness, many American industries employ self-managed work teams (SMWTs). A team typically consists of 5 to 15 workers who are collectively responsible for making decisions and performing all tasks related to a particular project. Because SMWTs require that employees be trained in interpersonal skills, they can have potential positive spillover effects on a worker's family life. The link between SMWT work characteristics and workers' perceptions of positive spillover into family life was investigated in the Quality Management Journal (Summer 1995). Survey data were collected from 114 AT&T employees who work in 1 of 15 SMWTs at an AT&T technical division. The workers were divided into two groups: (1) those who reported positive spillover of work skills to family life and (2) those who did not report positive work spillover. The two groups were compared on a variety of job and demographic characteristics, one of which was the use of creative ideas (measured on a 7-point scale, where the larger the number, the more of the characteristic indicated). The data (simulated from summary information provided in the Quality Management Journal article) are saved in the file.
a. One comparison of interest to the researchers is whether the mean creative use of ideas scale score for employees who report positive spillover of work skills to family life differs from the mean scale score for employees who did not report positive work spillover. Give the null and alternative hypotheses that will allow the researchers to make the comparison.
b. Discuss whether it is appropriate to apply the large-sample z-test to test the hypotheses, part a.
c. The results of the test are shown in the SPSS printout below. Interpret these results. Make the appropriate conclusion using α = .05.
d. A 95% confidence interval for the difference between the mean use of creative ideas scale scores is shown in the last column of the SPSS printout. Interpret this interval. Does the inference derived from the confidence interval agree with that from the hypothesis test?
e. The data also include the qualitative variable, Gender, for each worker. The researchers want to know whether the proportion of male workers in the two groups is significantly different. A Minitab printout of the analysis is shown below. Fully interpret the results in the words of the problem.

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Independent Samples Test Levene's Test for Equality of Variance t-test for Equality of Means 95% Confidence Interval ofthe ifferen Mean Std. Error ail CREATIVE Equal variancess assumed 16.479 8.565 112 808 094 621 994 Equal variances not assumed 8.847 108.727 808 091 627 988 Minitab output for Exercise 8.118 Test and CI for Two Proportions: GENDER, GROUP Event BALE GROUPXNSample r NOSPILL 59 6 0.880597 SPILLOW 39 47 0.829787 Difference= p (N05P ILL) _ p (SPILLOV) otimate for difference: 0-050809e 95% CI tor difference: (-0.08 17519, o.183 371 Teat tor difference-o tv3 not-O): Ζ-0.7S P-Value-0.453