When reading a research article, you encounter the following statements. For each, identify the N, the design, the statistical procedure performed and the result, the relationship, and if a Type I or Type II error is possibly being made.
(a) “The t-test indicated a significant difference between the mean for men (M = 5.4) and for women (M = 9.3), with t(58) = 7.93, p < .01. Unfortunately, the effect size was only .08.”
(b) “The t-test indicated that participants’ weights after three weeks of dieting were significantly reduced relative to the pretest measure, with t(40) = 3.56, p < .05, and rpb = .16.”