1. What is design thinking? How does it differ from traditional models of decision making?
2. In your opinion, should most organizations adopt a design-thinking perspective? Why or why not?
3. Prototyping is a central element in design thinking, yet it is not explicitly mentioned in the rational choice decision-making process. How is prototyping inherent in this process, or how does it differ from rational choice decision making?

To transform Procter & Gamble into an innovation colossus, CEO A. G. Lafley asked vice-president for design Claudia Kotchka to “get design into the DNA of the company.” Kotchka asked several prominent business and design schools: “How do we teach people what design thinking is and how to use it in a way that it could scale across a company with 130,000 employees?” After an initial stumble, P&G refined its workshops so leaders can more easily apply a different way to see problems and opportunities. “Once business leaders see they can use design thinking to reframe problems, they are transformed,” says Cindy Tripp, marketing director at P&G Global Design.