A 200-g aluminum calorimeter contains 500 g of water at 20oC. Aluminum shot of mass 300 g is heated to 100oC and is then placed in the calorimeter.

(a) Using the value of the specific heat of aluminum given in Table 19-1, find the final temperature of the system, assuming that no heat is lost to the surroundings.

(b) The error due to heat transfer between the system and its surroundings can be minimized if the initial temperature of the water and calorimeter is chosen to be ½ ∆tw below room temperature, where ∆tw is the temperature change of the calorimeter and water during the measurement. Then the final temperature is ½ ∆tw above room temperature. What should the initial temperature of the water and container be if the room temperature is 20oC?