4 During a weight loss study, each of nine subjects was given (1) the active drug m-chlorophenylpiperazine (mCPP) for 2 weeks and then a placebo for another 2 weeks, or (2) the placebo for the first 2 weeks and then mCPP for the second 2 weeks. The following table shows the amount of weight loss (kg) for the nine subjects when taking the drug mCPP and when taking a placebo.1 (Note that if a subject gained weight, then the recorded weight loss is negative, as is the case for subject 2, who gained 0.3 kg when on the placebo.) Use a / test to investigate the claim that mCPP affects weight loss. Let HA be non directional, and let α = 0.01.

(a) What is the value of the t test statistic for assessing whether weight change when taking mCPP is different from a placebo?
(b) In the context of this study, state the null and alternative hypotheses.
(c) The P-value for the t test is 0.003. If α = 0.10, what is your conclusion regarding the hypotheses in (b)?

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Weight change Subject PlaceboDifference -0.3 Mean