A cylinder contains 510 cm3 of loose dry sand which weighs 740 g. Under a static load of 200 kPa the volume is reduced 1%, and then by vibration it is reduced 10% of the original volume. Assume the solid density of the sand grains is 2.65 Mg/m3. Compute the void ratio, porosity, dry density, and total density corresponding to each of the following cases:

(a) Loose sand.

(b) Sand under static load.

(c) Vibrated and loaded sand