Question: A formal charge is a bookkeeping device. It does not necessarily indicate that the atom has greater or less electron density than other atoms in

A formal charge is a bookkeeping device. It does not necessarily indicate that the atom has greater or less electron density than other atoms in the molecule without formal charges.
You can see this by examining the potential maps for H2O, H3O+, and HO-.
a. Which atom bears the formal negative charge in the hydroxide ion?
b. Which atom is the most negative in the hydroxide ion?
c. Which atom bears the formal positive charge in the hydronium ion?
d. Which atom is the most positive in the hydronium ion?

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