Bird foraging behavior is being studied in a managed forest that is made up of Douglas fir (52% of canopy volume), ponderosa pine (36%), and grand fir (12%).Two hundred thirty-eight red-breasted nuthatches were observed, with 105 in Douglas fir, 92 in ponderosa pine, and 41 in grand fir. The null hypothesis being tested is: the birds forage randomly without regard to the species of tree.
a. State the alternative hypothesis.
b. Determine the expected values for the number of birds foraging each species of tree.
c. Complete the hypothesis test using a = 0.05 and carefully state the conclusion.