A cannon is rigidly attached to a carriage, which can move along horizontal rails but is connected to a post by a large spring, initially unstretched and with force constant k = 2.00 X 104 N/m, as in Figure P9.64. The cannon fire a 200-kg projectile at a velocity of 125 m/s directed 45.0° above the horizontal.
(a) If the mass of the cannon and its carriage is 5 000 kg, find the recoil speed of the cannon.
(b) Determine the maximum extension of the spring.
(c) Find the maximum force the spring exerts on the carriage.
(d) Consider the system consisting of the cannon, carriage, and shell. Is the momentum of this system conserved during the firing? Why or why not?

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45.0 Figure P9.64