Question: A caving operation is conducted in a relatively weak rock mass where the joint persistence is 88%. Laboratory testing of intact core shows that Co

A caving operation is conducted in a relatively weak rock mass where the joint persistence is 88%. Laboratory testing of intact core shows that Co = 88 MPa, and φ = 29◦. Specific weight of rock is 24.8kN/m3. Joint cohesion is 517 kPa and joint friction angle is 20◦. Depth of the undercut is 1,143 m. Development drifts are 4 m wide by 5.5 m high. Loading is expected to increase 100% after caving has reached the surface. If the rock mass is not self-supporting with a safety factor of 1.5, then steel sets will be used, possibly in conjunction with rock bolts and shotcrete. In this regard, spot bolting with 1.8 m, 1.9 cm diameter, high strength bolts is standard procedure in any case. Determine a combination support system that will provide a safety factor of 1.5 in any steel support and other reinforcement.

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