Consider the following sign data, produced from a matched-pairs sample of ordinal data.

+ - - + - - + - + - + - - - + -

a. Specify the competing hypotheses to determine whether the proportion of negative signs is significantly greater than the proportion of positive signs.

b. At the 1% significance level, what is the decision rule?

c. Calculate the value of the test statistic.

d. What is the conclusion? Explain.