Escape velocity is the initial velocity that an object needs in order to break free of a planet€™s gravitational pull. The mass of a planet can be used to help find the weight of an object on that planet. The escape velocities and the masses of 7 of the 8 planets in our solar system are shown in Table 26.

Let V be the escape velocity (in km/s) of a planet, and let M be the planet€™s mass (in 1024 kg).
a. Assume you want to investigate whether a planet€™s mass explains its escape velocity. Construct a scatterplot.
b. Describe the four characteristics of the association.
c. Find Earth€™s escape velocity in miles per hour.
d. Venus€™s mass is 4.9 × 1024 kg. Use two other planets€™ escape velocities to form an interval to estimate Venus€™s escape velocity.
e. Find the ratio of Jupiter€™s mass to Neptune€™s mass. Find the ratio of Jupiter€™s escape velocity to Neptune€™s escape velocity. Is the ratio of masses less than, equal to, or greater than the ratio of escape velocities? Explain how this matches with the shape of the association by referring to your scatterplot.

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Table 26 Planets' Escape Velocities and Masses Mass (10 kg) Escape Velocity Planet 11.2 102 59.5