Exhibit 5-4 presents the independent assurance report on Roches sustainability reporting. The auditors engagement was carried out

Question:

Exhibit 5-4 presents the independent assurance report on Roche’s sustainability reporting. The auditor’s engagement was carried out “in accordance with International Standards on Assurance Engagements (ISAE) 3000.”

Required:
a. Go to the World Wide Web and learn about the International Auditing and Assurance Standards Board (www.ifac.org/IAASB).
b. What is the difference between auditing and assurance engagements?
c. Has Roche earned a “clean opinion” on its sustainability reporting?