Understanding Brain Functions, Genetics, and Perception: A Comprehensive Study Guide

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Psychology - Cognitive Psychology

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georgepetenjk Created by 10 mon ago

Cards in this deck(68)
What is the large band of neural fibers connecting the two brain hemispheres and carrying messages between them?
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What condition results from surgery that isolates the brain's two hemispheres by cutting the fibers connecting them?
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Where does the left half of the visual field go and the right half of the visual field in the hemispheres?
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What are the right-left differences in the intact brain regarding perceptual tasks and language processing?
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What term describes our awareness of ourselves and our environment?
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What is the study of brain activity linked with cognition, including perception, thinking, memory, and language?
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What is the term for simultaneously processing on separate conscious and unconscious tracks?
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What is the term for the phenomenon where lesions in the right hemisphere are less visibly dramatic?
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What is the study of the relative power and limits of genetic and environmental influences on behavior?
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What term describes external influences from prenatal nutrition to people and things around us?
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What are the units of heredity that make up the chromosomes?
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What are threadlike structures made of DNA molecules that contain the genes?
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What is a complex molecule containing the genetic information that makes up the chromosomes?
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What term describes the complete instructions for making an organism with genetic material?
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What are twins who develop from a single fertilized egg that splits in two, creating two genetically identical organisms?
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What are twins who develop from separate fertilized eggs?
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What do identical twin studies tend to demonstrate regarding personality and Alzheimer's disease risk?
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What is the Alzheimer's disease risk percentage in fraternal twin studies?
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What do separated twin studies reveal about similarities in personalities?
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What is the biology study of a molecular structure and function of genes?
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What is the proportion of variation among individuals that we can attribute to genes?
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What is the interaction called when one factor (environment) depends on another (heredity)?
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What is the study of environmental influences on gene expression that occur without a DNA change?
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What is the bottom-up process by which our sensory receptors and nervous system receive and represent stimulus energies from our environment?
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What is the top-down process of organizing and interpreting sensory information into context?
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What is the analysis that begins with the sensory receptors and works up to the brain's integration of sensory information?
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What is information processing guided by higher-level mental processes, as when we construct perceptions drawing on our experience and expectations?
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What is the term for focusing on something as we tune out non-important things?
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What is the risk associated with multitasking, such as texting and driving?
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What is the term for not noticing something clearly visible?
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What is the term for failing to see visible objects when our attention is directed elsewhere?
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What is the term for failing to notice changes in the environment?
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What is the term for failing to detect a mismatch in your original choice?
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What is the conversion of one form of energy into another called?
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What are the steps involved in transduction?
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What is the minimum stimulation needed to detect a particular stimulus 50 percent of the time?
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What theory predicts how and when we detect the presence of a faint stimulus?
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What are stimuli below our absolute threshold called?
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What is the minimum difference between two stimuli required for detection 50 percent of the time?
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According to Weber's Law, what must two stimuli differ by to be perceived as different?
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What is diminished sensitivity as a consequence of constant stimulation called?
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What is decreasing responsiveness with repeated stimulation called?
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What is a mental predisposition to perceive one thing and not another?
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What are context effects in perception?
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How do emotion and motivation affect perception?
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What is the claim that perception can occur apart from sensory input?
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What is the study of paranormal phenomena, including ESP and psychokinesis?
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What is the term for an organized whole and our tendency to integrate pieces of information into meaningful wholes?
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What is the organization of the visual field into objects that stand out from their surroundings?
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What is the tendency to organize stimuli into coherent groups?
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What is the term for perceiving objects which are close to one another as a group?
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What is the term for perceiving smooth, continuous patterns?
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What is the term for filling in gaps to create a complete, whole object?
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What is the ability to see objects in three dimensions although the images that strike the retina are two-dimensional?
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What is a laboratory device for testing depth perception in infants and young animals?
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What are depth cues, such as retinal disparity, that depend on the use of two eyes?
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What is a binocular cue for perceiving depth by comparing images from the retinas in the two eyes?
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What is the term for perceiving objects higher in our field of vision as farther away?
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What is the assumption made when objects are perceived as the same size?
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What is the term for perceiving one object as closer when it partially blocks our view of another?
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What is the phenomenon where objects that are actually stable may appear to move as we move?
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What is the term for parallel lines appearing to meet with distance?
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What is the term for perceiving objects as unchanging even as illumination and retinal images change?
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What is the term for perceiving familiar objects as having consistent color, even if changing illumination alters the wavelengths reflected by the object?
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What is the term for perceiving objects as being a constant brightness?
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What is the term for perceiving the same shape for objects, even if the retinal image changes?
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What is the term for perceiving objects as having a constant size, even while our distance from them varies?
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What is the ability to adjust to an artificially displaced or even inverted visual field?
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