What is a large cluster of individual thunderstorms called? Derecho Supercell Mesoscale Convective Complex (MCC) Squall Line

Mesoscale Convective Complex (MCC)

Comprehensive Meteorological and Environmental Concepts Flashcards

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Earth Science - Environmental Science

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Cards in this deck(100)

What type of thunderstorm consists of clusters or lines of thunderstorms?

What is a relatively narrow line of thunderstorms called?

What term describes widespread, straight-line winds associated with thunderstorms?

What is a storm that generates thunder and lightning called?

What type of thunderstorm forms in warm, moist, unstable air and is localized?

Which type of thunderstorms produce winds greater than 58 mph, hail larger than 1 inch, or a tornado?

What is a large cluster of individual thunderstorms called?

What is a single, very powerful thunderstorm cell with a rotating updraft and downdraft called?

What is the flash of light generated by the flow of electrons between oppositely charged parts of a cumulonimbus cloud or between the cloud and the ground?

What type of lightning occurs between different charge regions in the same cloud and is the most common?

What type of lightning occurs between two or more separate clouds?

What type of lightning occurs between the cloud and the ground or an object on the ground?

What is the sound wave created by the rapid expansion of air around a lightning strike called?

What are violent windstorms in the form of a rotating column of air extending from a cumulonimbus cloud to the ground called?

What is a rotating column of air that does not reach the ground called?

What scale is used to classify tornadoes?

What are rapidly rotating storm systems that develop over the tropics and are characterized by low pressure centers, strong winds, and heavy rains called?

What is a tropical cyclone with maximum sustained winds of 38 mph (33 knots) or less called?

What is a tropical cyclone with maximum sustained winds of 39 to 73 mph (34 to 63 knots) called?

What is a tropical cyclone with maximum sustained winds of 74 mph (64 knots) or higher called?

What is a tropical cyclone with maximum sustained winds of 111 mph (96 knots) or higher, corresponding to a Category 3, 4, or 5 on the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale called?

What is the center of a hurricane, typically cloud-free, where precipitation ceases and winds subside called?

What is the ring-shaped wall of thunderstorms immediately surrounding the eye of a hurricane called?

What are the concentric bands of thunderstorms extending outward from the eye-wall of a hurricane called?

What scale ranks the relative intensities of hurricanes by their sustained wind speeds?

What is a dome of water pushed onshore by hurricane winds called?

What provides information about where the eye of the hurricane is forecast to travel?

What are the compounds responsible for the way most plants smell?

What process breaks crude oil down into its various components?

What are pollutants that are emitted directly from identifiable sources called?

What are pollutants produced in the atmosphere when chemical reactions occur involving primary pollutants called?

What is the setting of standards for four primary pollutants as well as ozone called?

What is the removal of air pollutants from the atmosphere in aqueous form called?

What is the direct removal of air pollutants without precipitation called?

What is precipitation with a pH value less than the typical value for uncontaminated rain called?

What is the combustion of wood, straw, and dung called?

What are the three main energy sources?

What is the mass of water vapor in a unit of moist air, usually expressed as grams of vapor per kilogram of air called?

What is a measure of the amount of water vapor in the air relative to the total amount of water vapor that the air could hold at that specific temperature called?

What is any type of ground that has been frozen continuously for a minimum of two years and as many as hundreds of thousands of years called?

What measures acidity?

What is the phenomenon where coral loses its color due to stress, often caused by warmer ocean water?

What system categorizes climates around the world based on monthly and annual mean temperature and total precipitation?

What are the requirements for thunderstorm development?

Describe the ordinary cell thunderstorm life cycle.

What is the criteria for severe thunderstorms?

Differentiate between various types of thunderstorms.

Differentiate between different types of lightning.

How are thunder and lightning connected?

How are tornadoes rated?

Differentiate between the various stages of hurricanes.

Describe how pressure, precipitation, and winds vary throughout a hurricane.

What are the requirements for a hurricane to form?

How are hurricanes rated?

What are the hazards associated with hurricanes?

Describe the limitations of the Saffir-Simpson Scale.

Why does air pollution matter?

What are the natural and anthropogenic sources of air pollution?

What are the six major pollutants?

Describe the meteorological influences on air pollution.

Describe the influence topography has on air pollution.

Summarize the impacts of humans on the climate since 1750.

How is energy produced in the US and Iowa?

Who are the top 6 CO2 emitters?

Who is the biggest emitter historically?

What country has the highest per capita emissions?

What are the 3 main GHGs and their recent concentrations?

Name and describe one climate change trend.

Differentiate between the major Koppen Climate Zones.

What is the force per unit area exerted by air weight called?

What are air pressure readings from weather stations called?

What are lines connecting locations of the same pressure called?

What are elongated areas of low pressure called?

What are elongated areas of high pressure called?

What is the resulting force from pressure differences called?

What is the apparent force from Earth's rotation affecting air flow called?

What is the force opposing airflow, slowing objects called?

What are winds parallel to isobars balancing forces called?

What are winds parallel to curved isobars called?

What is the counterclockwise flow around low pressure called?

What is the low pressure zone at the equator causing trade winds convergence called?

What is the oscillation between Western Pacific high and low pressure called?

What are links between equatorial Pacific trends and global weather patterns called?

What is an immense body of air with uniform conditions called?

What are areas where air masses originate called?

What theory describes the midlatitude cyclone life cycle?

What is the development and strengthening of midlatitude cyclones called?

What model considers airflow in cyclone development?

What is the weakening of low pressure systems called?

What are the controls of air pressure?

Explain a Pressure Gradient Force.

Explain a Coriolis Force.

Differentiate between flow around high and low pressures.

What is the neutral ENSO condition?

What is the La Niña condition?

Cold air masses can be warmed. Stable or Unstable?

What are the stages of a midlatitude cyclone?

What regions do midlatitude cyclones typically form?

Explain the Conveyor Belt Model.

What happens in a surface low?

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