What are the seven indications for panoramic radiographs? Overall evaluation of dentition and third molars, intraosseous pathology, TMJ evaluation, impacted teeth position, dental stage of development, trauma, developmental disturbances Primarily for detecting caries Used exclusively for orthodontic assessments Only for evaluating third molars and TMJ

Overall evaluation of dentition and third molars, intraosseous pathology, TMJ evaluation, impacted teeth position, dental stage of development, trauma, developmental disturbances

What is a disadvantage of panoramic imaging in regards to magnification/measurements? It requires a lot of time to perform Magnification across the panoramic image is unequal making linear measurements unreliable It is too expensive It provides too much detail

Magnification across the panoramic image is unequal making linear measurements unreliable

What is the focal trough? The area where images are distorted The region where x-rays are absorbed The space where no images are formed A zone in which the included objects are displayed clearly

A zone in which the included objects are displayed clearly

radiology final

Flashcard

Learn Mode

Match

Library

Create

Flashcards

Library

Match (Coming Soon)

Medicine - Radiology

user_bscs_2022_fast_ Created by 9 mon ago

Cards in this deck(94)

What type of maxillofacial imaging results in a wide, curved image layer depicting the maxillary and mandibular dental arches and their supporting structures?

What are the seven indications for panoramic radiographs?

The radiation dose of a panoramic x-ray is equal to that of what other dental x-rays?

Panoramic x-rays can be utilized with patients with trismus or patients who can't tolerate __________ ____________________.

Does panoramic or intraoral imaging provide higher resolution/more fine details?

What is a disadvantage of panoramic imaging in regards to magnification/measurements?

The ____________ of teeth is a disadvantage of panoramic radiographs, specifically maxillary premolars.

A panoramic image is made up of superimposition of real, double, and ______________ images.

When the panoramic imaging machine moves around the patient, the focal trough created is what shape?

What is the focal trough?

What happens to objects that are in front of or behind the focal trough?

What is collimation?

Where are the two places that x-ray beam collimation occurs?

The beam is collimated to form a narrow 'slit x-ray beam' and this improves the image because it (3):

Panoramic radiography is a _______________ variant of conventional tomography.

What is tomography?

Tomography is accomplished by moving the receptor and the x-ray tube in ______________ directions around a fixed rotation point.

The location of the ________ ____________ __________ ultimately determines what plane of the head will be clearly imaged using tomography.

To get one slice using tomography you need what three essential things?

In order for structures to be imaged well, the structures must move through the beam at the same ______ and ________________ as the image receptor.

Structures that are found near the x-ray tube will appear distorted and out of focus because the x-ray beam sweeps through them in the _____________ _________________ of that the image receptor is moving.

Only structures near the _____________ are usefully captured on the image.

What is something unique to the rotational center of panoramic units?

Image sharpness decreases with increasing ______________ from the center of the focal layer.

Zone of sharpness in the image layer is broader where?

What are the three types of images to consider in panoramic imaging?

When deciding whether an image is ghost or real, the real image will be closer to the

When deciding whether an image is real or ghost, the ghost image is between the

Only structures between the rotational center and the _________________ will cast real images.

Ghost images will appear ______________ and positioned on the contralateral side of the real image.

Ghost images are seen contralateral and ________________ to the real image.

Structures that are in the midline region of the patient (posterior to the rotation arch) and are intercepted by the beam twice can be seen as ______________ images.

Describe where the double image zone is.

Describe where the ghost image zone is.

Proper patient ________________ is essential to minimize distortions.

Frankfort plane positioning is referring to what direction of positioning?

Where should the patient's tongue be when taking their panoramic x-ray and why?

Natural background contributes to _____% of the annual exposure (3.1 mSv).

In the USA, the approximate daily background radiation exposure is _______ μSv.

Medical and consumer products contribute to 50% of the annual exposure which is equal to ________mSv.

The average total annual DOSE is ________ mSv.

______________ is estimated to be responsible for approximately 73% of the background exposure of the world's population.

The average background radiation contributes ______ mSv on average per year.

Radon accounts for about _____ mSv per year.

What percentage of medical radiation exposure comes from dental radiology yearly?

CT scans contribute to what percentage of medical radiation exposure yearly?

What are examples of ionizing particles (3)?

Which is the most ionizing; gamma rays, alpha particles, x-rays?

What is exposure and what is it measured in?

What is absorbed dose?

What is equivalent dose?

What is effective dose?

What is tissue weighting factor?

What are the first three steps in radiation injury?

In the event sequence of radiation injury, what two things can happen after chemical alteration?

What are three examples of low dose radiation injury effects?

What are three examples of high dose radiation injury effects?

What does direct effect radiation mean?

What does the indirect effect of radiology come from?

Indirect action is responsible for ____/____ of biologic damage caused by x-rays.

Alpha particles mainly cause (direct/indirect) effects.

What is the most toxic radical that causes the most damage via indirect effects of radiation?

The most damage in a biologic system is done by the _____________ effects of radiation.

Cells are most sensitive to radiation during _____________.

Can we get mutations from dental radiographs?

What is the main effect of stochastic effects?

Which has a threshold dose: stochastic or deterministic effects?

What are examples of deterministic effects?

What is the main consequence of somatic cell mutations?

What is the result of germ cell mutations?

The law of Bergonie and Tribondeau states that the most sensitive cells are those that: (4)

Which cells are VERY HIGHLY RADIOSENSITIVE (3)?

Which cells are low in radiosensitivity (4)?

Why did uranium miners get lung cancer?

According to radiation risk models, doses higher than ______mSv result in a dose-dependent increase in cancer risk.

What radiation risk model are current radiation safety practices based on?

What are 4 factors influencing radiation-induced cancer?

No statistically significant increase in ________________ related disease in the ___________ of atomic bomb survivors.

Of the following effects of radiation, which is stochastic: intra-uterine death, growth retardation, developmental abnormalities, cancer in childhood?

How many weeks of development is the embryo most sensitive to radiation?

Can the primary dose from dental radiographs produce birth defects to a fetus?

What is the maximum permissible annual dose for an occupational worker?

Is there a maximum permissible diagnostic exposure for patients?

Using digital sensors have ______% lower exposure when compared to PSP plates.

Should long or short source-to-skin distances be used?

Rectangular collimation results in up to ______ times dose reduction.

Filtration reduces patient dose by absorbing what?

What are three steps to ensure personnel protection when taking radiographs?

When shielding is not possible, the operator should stand at least ______ feet from the source and out of the path of the primary beam at 90-_______ degrees.

Personnel monitoring devices are used when workers are likely to receive an annual effective dose in excess of ___mSv.

What is the median effective dose of a FMX completed with D-speed film?

What is the median effective dose of a panoramic radiograph?

A panoramic x-ray is equivalent to the background exposure a person gets normally in how many days?

Children are ___-____ times more sensitive to radiation than adults.

Ask Our AI Tutor

Get Instant Help with Your Questions

Need help understanding a concept or solving a problem? Type your question below, and our AI tutor will provide a personalized answer in real-time!

How it works

Ask any academic question, and our AI tutor will respond instantly with explanations, solutions, or examples.

Get Started

Browse questions and discover topic-based flashcards
Practice with engaging flashcards designed for each subject
Strengthen memory with concise, effective learning tools

Discover By Topic

radiology final

Related Decks