What concept contrasts the demographic makeup of Congress with its ability to represent diverse interests? Majority vs. Minority Rule Federalism Bicameralism Descriptive vs. Substantive Representation

Descriptive vs. Substantive Representation

What are the three views of how members of Congress actually behave? Follow the President's agenda, public opinion, personal ideologies Personal gain, public opinion, party loyalty Vote strictly along party lines, personal gain, public opinion Motivated by re-election, vote to please fellow members, personal ideologies

Motivated by re-election, vote to please fellow members, personal ideologies

What are the key differences between the House and Senate in terms of term length and constituency? House: 2-year terms, Senate: 4-year terms; House: states, Senate: districts House: 4-year terms, Senate: 2-year terms; House: states, Senate: districts House: 6-year terms, Senate: 2-year terms; House: districts, Senate: states House: 2-year terms, Senate: 6-year terms; House: districts, Senate: states

House: 2-year terms, Senate: 6-year terms; House: districts, Senate: states

What roles do political parties play in organizing Congress? Oversee elections, regulate commerce, enforce laws Conduct foreign policy, declare war, manage budget Draft legislation, veto bills, appoint judges Select leaders, set legislative agenda, chair committees

Select leaders, set legislative agenda, chair committees

How can the President influence Congress and the legislative process? Declare war, appoint judges, manage budget Conduct foreign policy, regulate commerce, enforce laws Draft legislation, chair committees, oversee elections Recommend bills, use veto power, go public

Recommend bills, use veto power, go public

How can federal courts influence Congress through judicial review? Oversee elections, regulate commerce, enforce laws Draft legislation, veto bills, appoint judges Strike down unconstitutional laws, influence legislative revisions Conduct foreign policy, declare war, manage budget

Strike down unconstitutional laws, influence legislative revisions

What is 'congressional oversight' and how is it conducted? Overseeing elections, regulating commerce, enforcing laws Holding hearings, reviewing agency operations, ensuring compliance Conducting foreign policy, declaring war, managing budget Drafting legislation, vetoing bills, appointing judges

Holding hearings, reviewing agency operations, ensuring compliance

What is intra-party conflict and how does it manifest in Congress? Conflict within a party, such as 'establishment' vs. 'MAGA Republicans' Conflict between Congress and the President Conflict between different parties, such as Democrats vs. Republicans Conflict between the House and the Senate

Conflict within a party, such as 'establishment' vs. 'MAGA Republicans'

Which of the following is an example of bureaucratic rulemaking? The Environmental Protection Agency writing a regulation to support a clean water bill A senator proposing a new bill in Congress The Supreme Court ruling on a case The President issuing an executive order

The Environmental Protection Agency writing a regulation to support a clean water bill

Which of the following best illustrates the process of bureaucratic rulemaking? The President vetoing a bill passed by Congress The Supreme Court interpreting the Constitution A congressional committee drafting a new piece of legislation The Department of Veterans Affairs rewriting its regulation regarding compensation and pensions into plain language

The Department of Veterans Affairs rewriting its regulation regarding compensation and pensions into plain language

According to the diagram, which of the following is true about the legislative chambers? Only the House of Representatives uses whips The Senate does not have a minority whip Both chambers make use of a system of majority and minority whips Whips are only used during election years

Both chambers make use of a system of majority and minority whips

Which of the following is an accurate comparison of the rules for debate used by the US House of Representatives and the Senate? House debate is limited, while Senate members can filibuster Senate debate is limited, while House members can filibuster Both House and Senate have unlimited debate Neither House nor Senate allows filibusters

House debate is limited, while Senate members can filibuster

Which of the following represents a decrease in congressional oversight as a mechanism to control the bureaucracy? Passing more detailed legislation Reducing the number of hearings held to review agency actions Increasing the budget for federal agencies Appointing more inspectors general

Reducing the number of hearings held to review agency actions

A person claiming that the House can pass legislation with a simple majority, but the Senate is unlikely to pass legislation unless a bill has the support of a 60-vote supermajority is most likely to cite which of the following institutional differences as the cause of this trend? The House has strict limits on debate, while the Senate allows unlimited debate The Senate requires a two-thirds majority for all votes The Senate does not allow any form of debate The House requires unanimous consent for all votes

The House has strict limits on debate, while the Senate allows unlimited debate

Which of the following scenarios best illustrates delegated discretionary authority? The President appointing a new Supreme Court Justice Congress giving the Environmental Protection Agency the power to establish national pollution standards A state governor issuing a stay-at-home order The Supreme Court overturning a federal law

Congress giving the Environmental Protection Agency the power to establish national pollution standards

Which of the following is likely to occur as a result of new legislation regarding automobile safety? The Department of Transportation will be given discretionary authority to create auto regulations The Supreme Court will review the legislation for constitutionality The President will issue an executive order to enforce the legislation Congress will hold hearings to discuss the legislation

The Department of Transportation will be given discretionary authority to create auto regulations

Which of the following scenarios is an example of the trustee model of representation? A legislator votes in line with their party's platform A representative changes their vote after receiving numerous letters from constituents A senator votes according to the majority opinion of their constituents A member of Congress votes to close a popular tax loophole based on the belief that the money would be better spent paying down the national debt

A member of Congress votes to close a popular tax loophole based on the belief that the money would be better spent paying down the national debt

The mission of the Department of Transportation is to ensure the safety and efficiency of the transportation system. The Department of Transportation has accepted public comments regarding the safety of automated vehicles in the US in order to establish standards and guidelines for this new technology. Which of the following concepts is most related to this scenario? Delegated discretionary authority Legislative oversight Judicial review Executive privilege

Delegated discretionary authority

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