Chem Thermodynamics Test

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Physics - Thermodynamics

user_kambeorv Created by 9 mon ago

Cards in this deck(66)

-the study of energy and its transformations -science of the relationship between heat, work, temperature, and energy. -The key concept is that heat is a form of energy corresponding to a definite amount of mechanical work.

Heat is the flow of energy from a higher to a lower temperature.

Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the atoms or molecules in the system.

independent of the amount of substance present

a property that depends on the amount of matter in a sample

Absorbs heat

energy is released

the energy required to raise the temperature of one gram of a substance by one degree Celsius

The principle of conservation of energy. Energy can be transferred and transformed, but it cannot be created or destroyed. (can only alter in form)

T= 298 K P= 1 atm= 101.3 kPa= 760 torr

equivalent to the total heat content of a system

solid to liquid

liquid to solid

Liquid to gas

Gas to liquid

solid to gas

gas to solid

The heat change that takes place when one mole of a compound in its standard state is formed from its elements in their standard states

The quantity of energy released or absorbed as heat during a chemical reaction

A diagram that shows the energy of the reactants, intermediate state, and products in a chemical reaction

Energy needed to get a reaction started

298 K

some disorder! (including my life because of this class)

no disorder- not reached yet

look at number of mols to detrmine entropy (S) -= decrease, less disorder += increase, more disorder

KJ/mol rxn

Kelvin

J/mol . k change to KJ

The intermediate state between reactants and products in a chemical reaction; the peak of the potential energy diagram.

speeds rate of rxn by decreasing Ea by providing an alternative path "consumed and produced"

inhibitor

"produced and then consumed"

spontaneity- rxn will proceed w/o any outside force -= spontaneous += not spontaneous

Enthalpy exothermic (-) endothermic (+)

Entropy += disorder (positively disorder) -= ordered

Amount of energy required to change a substance from the solid phase to the liquid phase.

the energy a substance must absorb in order to change from a liquid to a gas

measure of disorder

value on chart

value produced after solving for the change in enthalpy or heat

spontaneity

the energy needed to break one mole of bonds in gaseous molecules under standard conditions

HCl

HBr

HI(aq)

HNO3

H2SO4

HClO4

22.4 L

14.7 PSI

ammonia

if > 5 round up if < 5 don't round if = 5 round up if number before is odd, if even leave alone

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