For each of the following studies, what would be the most appropriate statistical technique? (a) A study in which the researcher has a complex theory of the pattern of cause and effect among several variables.
(b) A study of the association between two variables.
(c) A study of whether a questionnaire scale is consistent internally (that is, that the items correlate with each other) and consistent over time in giving the same result.
(d) A two-way factorial design with three dependent measures.
(e) A study in which the association between elementary school class size and student satisfaction is examined across 10 different schools.
(f) A study in which a researcher measures 16 variables and wants to explore whether there are any simpler groupings of variables underlying these 16.
(g) A study in which an experimental group and a control group are being compared on a single dependent variable.
(h) A study comparing five groups of individuals on a single dependent variable.