In the following data pairs, A represents birthrate and B represents death rate per 1000 resident population. The data are paired by counties in the Midwest. A random sample of 16 counties gave the following information (Reference: County and City Data Book, U.S. Department of Commerce).

Do the data indicate a difference (either way) between population average birth rate and death rate in this region? Use a = 0.01

(a) What is the level of signifi­cance? State the null and alternate hypotheses. Will you use a left-tailed, right-tailed, or two-tailed test?

(b) Check Requirements What sampling distribution will you use? What assumptions are you making? Compute the value of the sample test statistic and corresponding t value.

(c) Find (or estimate) the P-value. Sketch the sampling distribution and show the area corresponding to the P-value.

(d) Based on your answers in parts (a) to (c), will you reject or fail to reject the null hypothesis? Are the data statistically signifi­cant at level a?

(e) Interpret your conclusion in the context of the application.

12.1 14.2 12.7 12.8 15.1 2 11.6 11.1 14.2 2 10.7 13.0 12.9 10.9 10.0 12.5 12.3 13.1 15.8 10.3 12.7 11.1 15.7 14.1 9.1 10.2 17.9 11.8 7.0