Let (a) Express det(λI - A) as a polynomial p(λ) = λ3 + bλ2 + cλ +

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Let
Let
(a) Express det(λI - A) as a polynomial p(λ) =

(a) Express det(λI - A) as a polynomial p(λ) = λ3 + bλ2 + cλ + d.
(b) Express the coefficients b and d in terms of determinants and traces.

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