Many coals from the western United States have a high moisture content. Consider the following sample of Wyoming coal, for which the ultimate analysis on an as-received basis is, by mass:
Component Moisture H C S N O Ash
% mass 28.9 3.5 48.6 0.5 0.7 12.0 5.8
This coal is burned in the steam generator of a large power plant with 150% theoretical air. Determine the air–fuel ratio on a mass basis.