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Analyzing Data And Making Decisions Statistics For Business Microsoft Excel 2010 Updated 2nd Edition Judith Skuce - Solutions
Calculate an appropriate measure of central tendency for the quarterly operating profits of the Canadian manufacturing sector. Compare the oil and gas and manufacturing sectors, in terms of central tendency.
Calculate an appropriate measure of variability for the ages of customers in the survey of drugstore customers. Would it be appropriate to use the Empirical Rule with this data set?
Calculate an appropriate measure of variability for the incomes of customers in the survey of drugstore customers.
Doug Brackett runs Downtown Automotive in Nelson, BC. He has collected customer counts for a random sample of days. The data set is shown below in Exhibit 3.28.Calculate an appropriate measure of variability for this data set.
Would it be appropriate to apply the Empirical Rule to the data set of customer counts for Downtown Automotive, shown in Exhibit 3.28? Why or why not?
Doug Brackett wants to have enough mechanics on hand to take care of his customer requests, but he does not want to be paying mechanics to sit around doing nothing. Doug needs to know a reasonable upper limit on the number of customers so he can plan his staff schedule. About 97.5% of the time,
In Develop Your Skills 2.5, Exercise 21, you were asked to produce a scatter diagram for data on household income and monthly spending on restaurant meals. Calculate an appropriate measure of association for these two variables.
Jack runs a small convenience store, where he sells freshly baked cookies. Jack has experimented by charging different prices for the cookies on randomly selected days, and recording the quantity sold. A scatter diagram for the data is shown opposite in Exhibit 3.42. Which of the following r-values
The human resources department is interested in whether there is a relationship between the rankings of new hires by their recruiter and by their super- visor. A random sample of 10 employees is selected from a large group of employees hired by a single recruiter, to be assigned to a single
A college professor has collected data for a random sample of 45 students. She has asked them to keep track of their total hours of paid employment for the semester, and she has also recorded each student’s semester average mark. Does it appear that there is a linear correlation between the hours
Using the y data set (2, 4, 6, 8), evaluate Σy2. Also evaluate (Σy)2. Why are the answers different?
Two of the data sets depicted in Exhibit 3.43 below have an r-value of 0.73, and one has an r-value of 0.90. Indicate which r-value belongs to each graph. How can the r-values be the same for the two graphs you have picked?
Calculate Σ(y – 4). Calculate Σ(x – 5).
Consider the data set 34, 67, 2, 31, 89, 35. For this data set, calculate: a. Σx b. Σx2 c. Σx/n d. √Σx2 – (Σx)2 / n / n – 1
Calculate the mean, median, and mode for the ages of customers in the survey of drugstore customers. Which is the best measure of central tendency in this data set? Why?
Calculate the mean and the median for the incomes of customers in the survey of drugstore customers. Comment on the difference between the two measures of central tendency. Which one is best, and why?
Doug Brackett runs Downtown Automotive in Nelson, BC. He has collected customer counts for a random sample of days. The data set is shown below in Exhibit 3.11.Calculate an appropriate measure of central tendency for this data set.
A manufacturer sells alfalfa honey in 500 g plastic jars. The actual (carefully measured) weights of 10 jars of honey are recorded (the weights are adjusted for the weight of the jar itself).What is the mean weight of honey in the jars? Do you think this result means that the company is
A company is trying a new product line in a random sample of stores.Previously; the average of sales at all stores was $5,000 a week. Weekly sales at the stores trying out the new product line were recorded, with the results shown in Exhibit 3.50 below.Calculate appropriate measures of central
An automotive parts manufacturing plant has been working hard to reduce employee absences. In the past, the average number of days off work (other than vacation) per year has been 6.6.The company has introduced a wellness program to encourage workers to eat well, exercise regularly, and lead
Some management trainees across several branches of an electronics store were rated by their customers, and by their bosses. Comment on the correlation between the two sets of ratings. The data are shown in Exhibit 3.52 below. A rating of €œ1€ is excellent, and a rating of €œ5€ is
A survey of pedestrian traffic is conducted over 45 days for two locations where a manager is thinking of opening a new location. Calculate appropriate measures of central tendency and variability for these data, and comment.
A statistics teacher is wondering whether there is a relationship between the marks of students in their first-year business math course, and their marks in the second-year statistics course. Calculate the appropriate measure of association for these data, and comment.
Woodbon produces high-quality wooden furniture. Woodbon's owner, Kate Cameron, collects the annual advertising and sales figures for the last several years. Calculate an appropriate measure of association for these data, and comment.
Calculate appropriate measures of central tendency and variability for the incomes of customers in the survey of drugstore customers, first discussed in Chapter 2, and comment.
Two financial advisors who have been working at the same company for about five years have decided to compare their customer characteristics. Wally Johnson has 167 clients with Registered Retirement Savings Plans (RRSPs). Kate Moore has 202 clients with RRSPs. The amounts in the RRSPs for both sets
Cans of soup are supposed to contain 540 mL. A random sample of 35 cans of soup is selected from the production line, and their contents measured carefully. Assume this sample is representative of the population. The company wants to be sure that the soup cans contain no more than 556 mL. Based on
Suppose you are planning to buy a personal service business, and you are trying to decide between a haircutting salon and a day spa offering manicures, pedicures, and massages. Some summary data for the two businesses are shown below in Exhibit 3.44.What do these measures tell you about the
Repeat Exercise 19 above, but with the new data set for this exercise. In exercise Cans of soup are supposed to contain 540mL. A random sample of 35 cans of soup is selected from the production line, and their contents measured carefully. Assume this sample is representative of the population. The
Access Statistics Canada Table 187-0001,“Quarterly Balance Sheet and Income Statement,” by North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) (you can access these data through E-STAT). From this table, retrieve data about quarterly operating profits for the retail trade sector, from the
Calculate the mean, median, mode, standard deviation, and interquartile range for this data set of ages of a random sample of people attending a local fall fair.
For the first three semesters at college, Jane has been keeping track of the amount of time she spends studying for each test, and her mark on the test. For a similar time period, Don has been keeping track of the number of calories he consumes the day before he writes each test, and his mark on
In Example 3.4a, no linear relationship was found between the amount of the most recent purchase and income in the survey of drugstore customers. Does this result from the survey prove that there is no relationship? Explain.
The owner of a music store asks the cashiers to keep track of the spending by a random sample of female customers and a random sample of male customers over several days. The purchases are shown in Exhibit 3.46 below.Calculate appropriate measures of central tendency and variability, and comment.
A clothing manufacturer is concerned that the heights of young men aged 18 to 24 might have changed since the patterns in use were first designed. A random sample of young men aged 18 to 24 was selected. The average height in the sample data was 177.2 cm, with a standard deviation of 7.2 cm. A
Annual sales for two printing shop franchises are shown opposite in Exhibit 3.47. Calculate an appropriate measure of variability. Which enterprise had more variable sales over the period?
A random sample of 350 workers at a car parts manufacturing plant are surveyed. Of the 350, all come to work by car. 246 commute more than 40 kilometres to work. 150 of the employees arrange rides with other workers. 135 of those who commute more than 40 kilometres to work drive alone.a. What is
A dry cleaning company has done some research into how customers rate its services, and whether the customer will use its services again. The data are summarized in Exhibit 4.18.What is the probability that a customer will use the dry cleaning company’s services again? What is the probability
Your company has two employees, Jane Morton and Oscar Wildman, who are experts at rescuing computers from viruses. One morning, you arrive at work to find that a virus has totally incapacitated the computers on the company network. The probability that Jane Morton will be late for work in the
Three women who have been friends since childhood have just graduated from college. The friends are very different, and have different abilities and skills. All three of them are trying to get jobs in the financial services industry. Their probabilities of succeeding are 0.4, 0.5, and 0.35. Find
A software company is about to release three new software programs, one from each of three very distinct business divisions. The first program is a new game aimed at 15-to 25-year-olds.Its probability of succeeding is estimated to be 0.34. The second program is an accountingapplication for small
Draw a fully labelled tree diagram for the GeorgeConn customer data at the beginning of the chapter (Exhibit 4.5).Notice that the end-stage probabilities are the ones that show up in the cells of the related joint probability table (Exhibit 4.3). Use another approach to set up a different tree
Return to the situation described in Example 4.2b on page 163. An industry association conducted a survey of companies in the industry to collect information about the educational background of different types of employees. The data are repeated in Exhibit 4.28.What is the probability that a
The human resources department has classified all company employees according to highest level of education attained, and job classification. Education levels are high school, up to four years of post-secondary education, graduate degree, and post-graduate studies. Job classifications are clerical,
Refer back to the information contained in Exercise 2 above. The company has 520 employees, of whom 372 are professionals. What is the probability that a randomly selected employee is in the professional classification? What is the probability that a randomly selected employee is in the clerical
A random sample of 100 customers at a grocery store were asked to classify themselves as making a quick trip, doing a major stock-up, or doing a fill-in shop.62 of the customers said they were making quick trips, and 13 were doing major stock-ups. What is the probability that a grocery store
On the first day of class, a statistics teacher asked the class to choose one of the following items as the best description of their previous experience in math courses.• Loved previous math courses• Worked very hard in previous math courses, but did not enjoy them• Thought previous math
Out of 100 gas station customers 80 customers pay with a credit card. Twenty-five gas station customers buy something other than gas (e.g., chips or pop) and 20customers pay with a credit card and buy something other than gas.If a station customer buys something other than gas, what is the
A breakfast cereal comes in several versions. It can be purchased in a regular size or a larger family size. As well, it can be purchased in regular flavour or in a honey-nut version. Sales data are shown in Exhibit 4.15 below.If a customer buys a family size box of cereal, what is the probability
Exhibit 4.16 below shows employment in Canada, by industry and sex, for 2008 (numbers are in thousands).What is the probability that someone employed in the agriculture industry in Canada in 2008 was female? What is the probability that a male worker was employed in public administration? What is
A roofing company has analyzed its accounts receivable, and produced the cross-classification table shown in Exhibit 4.17. What is the probability that one of the company€™s accounts receivable is
A company accountant did a study of 750 accounts receivable. She found that 119 accounts were paid early, 320 were paid on time, 200 were paid late, and 111 were considered uncollec table. Assume the past experience with accounts receivable is a good indication of the future. Estimate the
An insurance company has collected data on the gender and marital status of 300 customers, shown in Exhibit 4.32 below.Suppose a customer is selected at random from this sample.a. What is the probability that the customer is female or married?b. What is the probability that the customer is married
At the beginning of each year, an investment newsletter predicts whether or not the stock market will rise over the following year. Historical evidence reveals that there is a 60% chance of the market rising, in any given year. The newsletter has predicted a rise for 70% of the years when the
A company has decided to hire some summer students. A local high school has provided the names of 10 students who have been academically successful, and who have good work habits. The company decides to pick three students from this group at random, rather than taking the time to interview the
Refer back to Example 4.1, about the employee health and fitness facilities (page 157). Are gender and tendency to use the health and fitness facilities related in this sample? You must use probabilities to support your answer. Sample Space for Employee Use of a Company Health and Fitness
Refer back to Example 4.1 on page 157, and particularly to the tree diagram in Exhibit 4.10 on page 159.Construct another tree diagram for the data, using the first node to distinguish those who did or did not use the facilities. Are the joint probabilities at the end of the branches the same? Did
Refer back to Example 4.2a, about a survey to determine whether people saw a TV ad or purchased a product. In the sample, is purchasing behaviour related to seeing the TV ad? You must use probabilities to support your answer.
Brenda Miner has just graduated with a Business diploma. She has applied for a job at the largest Canadian bank. The probability that she will get the job is 0.25. The probability that she will move to Alberta if she is offered this job is 0.70.The probability that she will move to Alberta if she
The probability that a Canadian adult has taken some instruction in canoeing is 0.03. The probability that a Canadian adult who has taken some instruction in canoeing will go on a canoe trip this summer is 0.46. The probability that a Canadian adult who has taken no instruction in canoeing is going
Using the tree diagram you created in Exercise 17 above, calculate the probability that a randomly selected Canadian adult is going on a canoe trip this summer, and has taken some canoeing instruction. What is the probability that a randomly selected Canadian adult is going on a canoe trip this
GeorgeConn has 100 employees. There are 60 men and 40 women. Of these, 25 of the women and 30 of the men have a Business diploma. One employee is randomly selected. What is the probability of the following outcomes? a. Man b. Man with a Business diploma c. Woman d. Woman with a Business diploma e.
Refer to Exhibit 4.33 in Exercise 19. Is the payment method independent of the store in this sample?
You are thinking about investing in a fitness facility. The current owner tells you that, based on past experience; the following probabilities apply to someone who visits the facility. The probability that a visitor will buy a membership is 40%.The probability that a visitor will buy a membership
Refer back to Exercise 21 above. Are buying a membership and signing up for fitness classes mutually exclusive? Are buying a membership and signing up for fitness classes independent?
A restaurant is interested in whether there is a difference in the tendency to drink beer, wine, and other alcoholic drinks, by gender. If there appears to be a difference, the servers will be trained to promote the most preferred types of drinks to male and female customers. A survey of a random
A shipment contains 500 circuit boards. Suppose that 30 of them are defective. What is the probability that if you randomly selected three circuit boards, all three of them would be defective? How does this compare to the probability you would obtain if you considered that the selection of each
Polls show that 25% of Canadians plan to make a contribution to their RRSPs over the next year. What is the probability that four randomly selected Canadians are all planning to make a contribution to their RRSPs over the next year?
A small company that provides customer assistance with computer software has the following group of employees.Using the information in this table, calculate the following probabilities.a. One employee will be selected at random to plan the company picnic. What is the probability that he or she will
Refer to the information about GeorgeConn employees, in Exercise 2 above. If the selected employee is a woman, what is the probability she has a Business diploma? Are gender and possession of a Business diploma related for GeorgeConn employees?
Suppose that there is an 80% probability that a caller will be directly connected when he or she calls a computer help line and a 20% probability the caller will be forced to wait while listening to a recorded message. Assume that the caller experience with each call is independent if the calls are
An employment agency has analyzed the skills and experience of its employees, with the results shown in Exhibit 4.29.One persons file is selected at random. What is the probability that the selected person will have the following characteristics? a. Primary skill is bookkeeping. b.
Arestaurant chain regularly surveys its customers about the quality of the food and the quality of the service. The survey responses are summarized in the Exhibit 4.30 below. The relative frequencies are considered good estimates of the associated probabilities.a. What is the probability that a
Past experience shows that the probability that salespeople will exceed their sales targets in a given year is 15%, provided that they exceeded their targets in the previous year. If the probability of a salesperson exceeding his/her target in any given year is 78%, what is the probability the
In a follow-up survey of people who purchased netbook computers, the buyers were asked if they were satisfied with their purchase. The answers were classified according to whether or not the netbook had more than 1 GB of RAM. The probability table shown in Exhibit 4.31 was created.a. What is the
Students who wish to become chartered accountants (C.A.s) must pass a set of exams to qualify. Suppose that in Ontario, the pass rate is 75%.Candidates who fail the exams the first time may take them again later. Of those who fail the first time, 90% pass the second time. What is the probability
Which of the following random variables are discrete, and which are continuous? a. The number of passengers on a flight from Toronto to Paris b. The time it takes you to drive to work in the morning c. The number of cars that arrive at the local car dealership for an express oil-change service on
According to a recent survey conducted by a management recruiting firm, more than one-third (34.2%) of executives polled thought that business casual dress has gone too casual. Suppose you randomly selected 30 executives and asked them if they thought that business casual dress had gone too casual.
Your company manufactures light bulbs. You know from past experience that the number of hours the bulbs will last is a normally distributed random variable, with a mean of 5,000 hours and a standard deviation of 367 hours. What percentage of the bulbs will last at least 6,000 hours?
Using the light bulb distribution in Exercise 11 above, calculate what length-of-life guarantee your company should issue so that no more than 2.5% of light bulbs will fail to meet the guarantee.
Rocky Hill Bikes (RHB) manufactures high-end bicycles. Rocky Hill's vice-president of finance asked you to investigate the warranty expense for RHB's dual-suspension hybrid bike. You sampled 600 warranty claims and found that the average warranty expense per bike appeared to be normally distributed
Trading volume on a major stock exchange is approximately normally distributed with a mean of 232 million shares and a standard deviation of about 44 million shares.a. What is the probability that the trading volume will be less than 200 million shares?b. If the exchange wants to issue a press
The time that it takes a worker to finish a particular assembly line task is normally distributed, with a mean of 32 seconds and a standard deviation of 10 seconds. The slowest 10% of workers (those with the slowest 10% of times) will be required to spend the weekend training, to try to improve
Revisit the situation first described in Develop Your Skills 4.3, Exercise 12 (page 176). Three women who have been friends since childhood have just graduated from college. The friends are very different, and have different abilities and skills. All three of them are trying to get jobs in the
Revisit the situation first described in Develop Your Skills 4.3, Exercise 13 (page 176). A software company is about to release three new software programs, one from each of threevery distinct business divisions. The first program is a new game aimed at 15- to 25-year-olds.Its probability of
A shipment contains 5,000 circuit boards, and 30 of them are defective. Define x as the number of defective boards in two selections from the shipment. Build the probability distribution for x. (You may find it easiest to use a computer to do these calculations.)
Exhibit 5.6 below shows a probability distribution for the number of restaurant customers who will order the daily special, out of the next six customers who come through the door. Fill in the missing probability, and calculate the mean and standard deviation of this probability distribution.
A campus newspaper claims that 80% of students on campus support the newspaper's position on various issues affecting the college. A random sample of 10 students is taken, and in the sample, only four students say they support the newspaper's position. What is the probability of four or fewer
What is the probability that a student can pass a 25-question multiple choice exam if each question has five choices and the student guesses?
What is the probability that in a sample of 20 tires one will be defective if 5% of all such tires produced at a particular plant are defective?
A poll on a website asked respondents what they thought was the best method of losing weight. 65% picked exercise as the answer. If five randomly selected visitors to the website were asked this question, what is the probability that three of them would pick exercise? Are you sure? Think carefully.
Which of the following is a binomial random variable? Which one(s) could possibly have a normal distribution? Explain your answers. a. The number of magazines subscribed to by a Canadian household. b. An opinion poll of 1,235 Canadians, asking if they subscribe to at least one magazine. c. The
Warranty records show that the probability that a new computer will need warranty service in the first 90 days is 0.01. a. If a sample of five computers is selected, what is the probability that one of them will require service in the first 90 days? b. If a sample of four computers is selected,
An official from the securities commission estimates that 25% of all investment bankers have profited from the use of insider information. If 15 investment bankers are selected at random, find the probability that: a. All 15 have profited from insider information. b. At least six have profited from
Companies that sell mutual funds charge their investors expense fees to offset the costs of research and administration. The distribution of expense fees is normal, with a mean of 2.5% and a standard deviation of 1.0%. a. Find the probability that a mutual fund has an expense fee of between 2.5%
The recent average starting salary for new college graduates employed as business systems analysts is $49,879.Assume salaries are normally distributed with a standard deviation of $7,088.a. What is the probability of a new graduate receiving a salary between $45,000 and $50,000?b. What is the
The probability that a college student will cheat on his or her statistics assignment by copying the work of other students is 0.043. If a professor has 175 statistics students, what is the probability that at least one of them will cheat?
A long-life flood lamp has a lifetime that is normally distributed with a mean of 10,000 hours and a standard deviation of 2,525 hours.a. What percentage of the flood lamps would last for more than 12,000 hours?b. What lifetime should the manufacturer advertise for these lamps so that only 2% will
A study was made of frequent fliers, and it was found that 53% had an income over $65,000 a year. a. Fifteen frequent fliers were selected at random, and their incomes recorded. What is the probability that at least 10 had an income over $65,000 a year? b. A further group of 12 fliers was selected
Suppose the average credit card debt of Canadian households is normally distributed with a mean of $2,400 and a standard deviation of $756. a. What proportion of credit card debt is less than $1,000? b. What proportion of credit card debt is more than $1,500? c. 75% of credit card debt is more than
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